WindowsAPI窗口程序设计-常用控件

按钮类

本篇搞一个全是按钮的页面，从上到下分别是普通按钮、图标按钮、位图按钮和自绘按钮，接下来是三个分组框。第一个叫政治面貌，里面有一组单选按钮，分别是中共党员、共青团员、无党派人士。第二个叫个人爱好，里面有3个多选框，分别是看书、唱歌、听音乐。第三个叫荣誉称号，里面有三个三态多选框，即有对勾、有灰色对勾和无对勾，分别是团队核心、技术能手和先进个人。最后有个默认按钮为获取单选复选状态。

常用按钮样式：

枚举值 含义
BS_PUSHBUTTON 普通按钮
BS_NOTIFY 系统发送带有BN_KILLFOCUS和BN_SETFOCUS通知码的WM_COMMAND消息到父窗口
BS_ICON 图标按钮
BS_BITMAP 位图按钮
BS_OWNERDRAW 自绘按钮，按钮需要重绘时父窗口收到WM_DRAWITEM消息
BS_GROUPBOX 分组框
BS_AUTORADIOBUTTON 自动单选窗口
BS_AUTOCHECKBOX 自动复选框
BS_AUTO3STATE 自动三态复选框
BS_DEFPUSHBUTTON 默认按钮

常用属性如下，因为窗口等控件都统称窗口，属性即窗口样式：

枚举值 含义
WS_STOP 按下Tab时可接收键盘焦点
WS_GROUP 一组控件的第一个控件
WS_CHILD 子窗口
WS_VISIBLE 最初可见

例如：

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// 全局变量
struct {
    INT     m_nStyle;
    PTSTR   m_pText;
}Buttons[] = {
    BS_PUSHBUTTON | BS_NOTIFY | WS_TABSTOP,                 TEXT("普通按钮"), // CtrlID 1000
    BS_ICON | BS_NOTIFY | WS_TABSTOP,                       TEXT("图标按钮"),
    BS_BITMAP | BS_NOTIFY | WS_TABSTOP,                     TEXT("位图按钮"),
    BS_OWNERDRAW,                                           TEXT("自绘按钮"),

    BS_GROUPBOX,                                            TEXT("政治面貌"), // CtrlID 1004
    BS_AUTORADIOBUTTON | BS_NOTIFY | WS_GROUP | WS_TABSTOP, TEXT("中共党员"),
    BS_AUTORADIOBUTTON | BS_NOTIFY,                         TEXT("共青团员"),
    BS_AUTORADIOBUTTON | BS_NOTIFY,                         TEXT("无党派人士"),

    BS_GROUPBOX,                                            TEXT("个人爱好"), // CtrlID 1008
    BS_AUTOCHECKBOX | BS_NOTIFY | WS_GROUP | WS_TABSTOP,    TEXT("看书"),
    BS_AUTOCHECKBOX | BS_NOTIFY,                            TEXT("唱歌"),
    BS_AUTOCHECKBOX | BS_NOTIFY,                            TEXT("听音乐"),

    BS_GROUPBOX,                                            TEXT("荣誉称号"), // CtrlID 1012
    BS_AUTO3STATE | BS_NOTIFY | WS_GROUP | WS_TABSTOP,      TEXT("团队核心"),
    BS_AUTO3STATE | BS_NOTIFY,                              TEXT("技术能手"),
    BS_AUTO3STATE | BS_NOTIFY,                              TEXT("先进个人"),

    BS_DEFPUSHBUTTON | BS_NOTIFY | WS_TABSTOP,              TEXT("默认按钮"), // CtrlID 1016
};
#define NUM (sizeof(Buttons) / sizeof(Buttons[0]))

创建17个按钮与分组框：

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for (SIZE_T i = 0; i < NUM; i++)
    hwndButton[i] = CreateWindowEx(0, TEXT("Button"), Buttons[i].m_pText, WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | Buttons[i].m_nStyle, 20, arrPos[i], 150, 25, hwnd, (HMENU)(1000 + i), ((LPCREATESTRUCT)lParam)->hInstance, NULL);

调整分组框位置：

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MoveWindow(hwndButton[4], 10, arrPos[4], 170, 115, TRUE);
MoveWindow(hwndButton[8], 10, arrPos[8], 170, 115, TRUE);
MoveWindow(hwndButton[12], 10, arrPos[12], 170, 115, TRUE);

父窗口向子窗口控件发送消息：

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LRESULT SendDlgItemMessage(
	HWND hDlg, //父窗口句柄
	INT nIDDlgItem, //子窗口控件ID
	UINT Msg,
	WPARAM wParam,
	LPARAM lParam
)

对于BS_ICON或BS_BITMAP样式的按钮，发送BM_SETIMAGE消息为按钮设置图标或位图，wParam指定图标IMAGE_ICON或IMAGE_BITMAP，lParam指定为图像句柄HICON或HBITMAP。

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// 为图标按钮、位图按钮设置图标、位图
SendDlgItemMessage(hwnd, IDC_ICONBUTTON, BM_SETIMAGE, IMAGE_ICON, (LPARAM)LoadImage(((LPCREATESTRUCT)lParam)->hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDI_SMILE), IMAGE_ICON, 20, 20, LR_DEFAULTCOLOR));
SendDlgItemMessage(hwnd, IDC_BITMAPBUTTON, BM_SETIMAGE, IMAGE_BITMAP, (LPARAM)LoadBitmap(((LPCREATESTRUCT)lParam)->hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDB_KONGLONG)));

其中LoadBitmap用于从指定模块中加载指定位图资源：

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HBITMAP LoadBitmap(
	_In_ HINSTANCE hInstance, //模块句柄
	_In_ LPCTSTR lpBitmapName //位图资源名称
) //成功返回位图句柄 失败NULL

其中LoadImage用于加载图标、光标、位图等：

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HANDLE WINAPI LoadImage(
	_In_opt_ HINSTANCE hInst, //模块句柄
	_In_ LPCTSTR lpszName, //要加载的图像名称
	_In_ UINT uType, //要加载的图像类别 IMAGE_BITMAP IMAGE_ICON IMAGE_CURSOR
	_In_ INT cxDesired, //图像宽度 单位像素 0实际宽度
	_In_ INT xyDesired, //图像高度
	_In_ UINT fuLoad //加载选项
) //成功返回新加载图像句柄 失败NULL

对于fuLoad参数有些常用 选项：

枚举值 含义
LR_DEFAULTCOLOR 默认值
LR_LOADFROMFILE 黑白方式加载
LR_SHARED 多次加载同一资源时直接返回先前返回的句柄，加载系统图标或光标时必须用这个

没指定LR_SHARED时，不再使用加载的图标、光标或位图时需要用DestroyIcon删除图标、DestroyCursor删除光标、DeleteObject删除位图。

设置子窗口控件文本：

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BOOL WINAPI SetDlgItemText(
	_In_ HWND hDlg, //父窗口句柄
	_In_ INT nIDDlgItem, //子窗口控件ID
	_In_ LPCTSTR lpString //字符串指针
)

例如：

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// 设置默认按钮的文本
SetDlgItemText(hwnd, IDC_DEFPUSHBUTTON, TEXT("获取单选复选状态"));

用CheckRadioButton设置单选按钮组，用CheckDlgButton设置复选按钮组和三态复选按钮组：

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BOOL CheckDlgButton(
	_In_ HWND hDlg, //父窗口句柄
	_In_ INT nIDButton, //子窗口控件ID
	_In_ UINT uCheck //选中状态
)
BOOL CheckRadioButton(
	_In_ HWND hDlg, //父窗口句柄
	_In_ INT nIDFirstButton, //组中第一个单选按钮ID
	_In_ INT nIDLastButton, //组中最后一个单选按钮ID
	_In_ INT nIDCheckButton //要设置选中的单选按钮ID
)

这俩函数实现方式都是用SendDlgItemMessage发送BM_SETCHECK消息，状态有：选中BST_CHECKED、取消选中BST_UNCHECKED、三态复选框灰色不确定状态BST_INDETERMINATE。

当用户单击按钮时，系统向按钮父窗口发送包含BN_CLICKED通知码的WM_COMMAND消息，对于自动单选按钮、自动复选框和自动三态复选框通常不需要处理该消息，自动设置即可，这里只实现默认按钮的处理。

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case WM_COMMAND: {
    if (HIWORD(wParam) == BN_CLICKED)   // 可以省略该判断
        switch (LOWORD(wParam)) {
            // 子窗口控件ID常量定义请参见resource.h，可以根据需要在此处理每个控件的点击事件
            case IDC_PUSHBUTTON:      break;
            case IDC_ICONBUTTON:      break;
            case IDC_BITMAPBUTTON:    break;
            case IDC_OWNERDRAWBUTTON: break;
            case IDC_AUTORADIOBUTTON1:break;
            case IDC_AUTORADIOBUTTON2:break;
            case IDC_AUTORADIOBUTTON3:break;
            case IDC_AUTOCHECKBOX1:   break;
            case IDC_AUTOCHECKBOX2:   break;
            case IDC_AUTOCHECKBOX3:   break;
            case IDC_AUTO3STATE1:     break;
            case IDC_AUTO3STATE2:     break;
            case IDC_AUTO3STATE3:     break;
            case IDC_DEFPUSHBUTTON:   OnDefPushButton(hwnd); break;
        };
    return 0;
};

用IsDlgButtonChecked获取按钮选中状态，本质就是用SendDlgItemMessage发送BM_GETCHECK消息：

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UINT IsDlgButtonChecked(
	_In_ HWND hDlg, //父窗口句柄
	_In_ INT nIDButton //子窗口控件ID
) //BST_CHECKED BST_UNCHECKED BST_INDETERMINATE

其中处理默认按钮的方法：

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VOID OnDefPushButton(HWND hwnd) {
    TCHAR szBuf[128] = { 0 };
    if (IsDlgButtonChecked(hwnd, IDC_AUTORADIOBUTTON1) & BST_CHECKED)
        StringCchCopy(szBuf, _countof(szBuf), TEXT("政治面貌：中共党员\n"));
    if (IsDlgButtonChecked(hwnd, IDC_AUTORADIOBUTTON2) & BST_CHECKED)
        StringCchCopy(szBuf, _countof(szBuf), TEXT("政治面貌：共青团员\n"));
    if (IsDlgButtonChecked(hwnd, IDC_AUTORADIOBUTTON3) & BST_CHECKED)
        StringCchCopy(szBuf, _countof(szBuf), TEXT("政治面貌：无党派人士\n"));
    StringCchCat(szBuf, _countof(szBuf), TEXT("个人爱好："));
    if (IsDlgButtonChecked(hwnd, IDC_AUTOCHECKBOX1) & BST_CHECKED)
        StringCchCat(szBuf, _countof(szBuf), TEXT("看书 "));
    if (IsDlgButtonChecked(hwnd, IDC_AUTOCHECKBOX2) & BST_CHECKED)
        StringCchCat(szBuf, _countof(szBuf), TEXT("唱歌 "));
    if (IsDlgButtonChecked(hwnd, IDC_AUTOCHECKBOX3) & BST_CHECKED)
        StringCchCat(szBuf, _countof(szBuf), TEXT("听音乐"));
    StringCchCat(szBuf, _countof(szBuf), TEXT("\n"));
    StringCchCat(szBuf, _countof(szBuf), TEXT("荣誉称号："));
    if (IsDlgButtonChecked(hwnd, IDC_AUTO3STATE1) & BST_CHECKED)
        StringCchCat(szBuf, _countof(szBuf), TEXT("团队核心 "));
    if (IsDlgButtonChecked(hwnd, IDC_AUTO3STATE2) & BST_CHECKED)
        StringCchCat(szBuf, _countof(szBuf), TEXT("技术能手 "));
    if (IsDlgButtonChecked(hwnd, IDC_AUTO3STATE3) & BST_CHECKED)
        StringCchCat(szBuf, _countof(szBuf), TEXT("先进个人"));
    StringCchCat(szBuf, _countof(szBuf), TEXT("\n"));
    MessageBox(hwnd, szBuf, TEXT("个人简介汇总"), MB_OK);
    return;
};

自绘按钮的处理：

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case WM_DRAWITEM: {
    lpDIS = (LPDRAWITEMSTRUCT)lParam;
    // 先把按钮矩形填充为和窗口背景一致的白色，然后画一个黑色圆角矩形
    SelectObject(lpDIS->hDC, GetStockObject(NULL_PEN));
    SelectObject(lpDIS->hDC, GetStockObject(WHITE_BRUSH));
    Rectangle(lpDIS->hDC, 0, 0, lpDIS->rcItem.right + 1, lpDIS->rcItem.bottom + 1);
    SelectObject(lpDIS->hDC, GetStockObject(BLACK_BRUSH));
    RoundRect(lpDIS->hDC, 0, 0, lpDIS->rcItem.right + 1, lpDIS->rcItem.bottom + 1, 20, 20);
    // 当用户点击按钮的时候，绘制COLOR_HIGHLIGHT颜色的圆角矩形
    if (lpDIS->itemState & ODS_SELECTED) {
        SelectObject(lpDIS->hDC, GetSysColorBrush(COLOR_HIGHLIGHT));
        RoundRect(lpDIS->hDC, 0, 0, lpDIS->rcItem.right + 1, lpDIS->rcItem.bottom + 1, 20, 20);
    };
    // 当按钮获得焦点的时候，可以绘制一个焦点矩形
    if (lpDIS->itemState & ODS_FOCUS) {
        InflateRect(&lpDIS->rcItem, -2, -2);
        DrawFocusRect(lpDIS->hDC, &lpDIS->rcItem);
    };
    // 自绘按钮的文本，透明背景的白色文字
    SetBkMode(lpDIS->hDC, TRANSPARENT);
    SetTextColor(lpDIS->hDC, RGB(255, 255, 255));
    DrawText(lpDIS->hDC, TEXT("自绘按钮"), _tcslen(TEXT("自绘按钮")),&lpDIS->rcItem, DT_CENTER | DT_VCENTER | DT_SINGLELINE);
    // 恢复设备环境
    SelectObject(lpDIS->hDC, GetStockObject(BLACK_PEN));
    SelectObject(lpDIS->hDC, GetStockObject(WHITE_BRUSH));
    return TRUE;
};

例如子窗口（控件）的可见与隐藏：

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ShowWindow(hwndChild, SW_SHOW);
ShowWindow(hwndChild, SW_HIDE);

子窗口的启用与禁用方法：

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BOOL WINAPI EnableWindow(
	_In_ HWND hWnd, //窗口或子窗口控件句柄
	_In_ BOOL bEnable //启用TRUE 禁用FALSE
)

每个按钮背景都是灰色的，但窗口背景是白色的，很难看。推荐把窗口背景也改成灰色，改按钮背景很麻烦：

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wcex.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(COLOR_BTNFACE + 1);

子窗口控件字体很难看，给子控件发送WM_SETFONT消息即可：

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hFont = CreateFont(12, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, GB2312_CHARSET, 0, 0, 0, 0, TEXT("宋体"));
for (SIZE_T i = 0; i < NUM; i++)
	SendMessage(hwndButton[i], WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, FALSE);

其中SendMessage与SendDlgItemMessage功能相同：

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LRESULT SendMessage(
	HWND hWnd,
	UINT Msg,
	WPARAM wParam,
	LPARAM lParam
)

源代码：

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#include <Windows.h>
#include <tchar.h>
#include <strsafe.h>
#include "resource.h"
// 函数声明
LRESULT CALLBACK WindowProc(HWND hwnd, UINT uMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam);
// 按下默认按钮
VOID OnDefPushButton(HWND hwnd);
INT WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR lpCmdLine, INT nCmdShow) {
    WNDCLASSEX wndclass;
    TCHAR szAppName[] = TEXT("Buttons");    // 程序标题、窗口类名
    HWND hwnd;
    MSG msg;
    wndclass.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);
    wndclass.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
    wndclass.lpfnWndProc = WindowProc;
    wndclass.cbClsExtra = 0;
    wndclass.cbWndExtra = 0;
    wndclass.hInstance = hInstance;
    wndclass.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);
    wndclass.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);
    wndclass.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(WHITE_BRUSH);
    wndclass.lpszMenuName = NULL;
    wndclass.lpszClassName = szAppName;
    wndclass.hIconSm = NULL;
    RegisterClassEx(&wndclass);
    hwnd = CreateWindowEx(0, szAppName, szAppName, WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, 300, 600, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);
    ShowWindow(hwnd, nCmdShow);
    UpdateWindow(hwnd);
    while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0) != 0) {
        TranslateMessage(&msg);
        DispatchMessage(&msg);
    };
    return msg.wParam;
};
// 全局变量
struct {
    INT     m_nStyle;
    PTSTR   m_pText;
}Buttons[] = {
    BS_PUSHBUTTON | BS_NOTIFY | WS_TABSTOP,                 TEXT("普通按钮"), // CtrlID 1000
    BS_ICON | BS_NOTIFY | WS_TABSTOP,                       TEXT("图标按钮"),
    BS_BITMAP | BS_NOTIFY | WS_TABSTOP,                     TEXT("位图按钮"),
    BS_OWNERDRAW,                                           TEXT("自绘按钮"),
    BS_GROUPBOX,                                            TEXT("政治面貌"), // CtrlID 1004
    BS_AUTORADIOBUTTON | BS_NOTIFY | WS_GROUP | WS_TABSTOP, TEXT("中共党员"),
    BS_AUTORADIOBUTTON | BS_NOTIFY,                         TEXT("共青团员"),
    BS_AUTORADIOBUTTON | BS_NOTIFY,                         TEXT("无党派人士"),
    BS_GROUPBOX,                                            TEXT("个人爱好"), // CtrlID 1008
    BS_AUTOCHECKBOX | BS_NOTIFY | WS_GROUP | WS_TABSTOP,    TEXT("看书"),
    BS_AUTOCHECKBOX | BS_NOTIFY,                            TEXT("唱歌"),
    BS_AUTOCHECKBOX | BS_NOTIFY,                            TEXT("听音乐"),
    BS_GROUPBOX,                                            TEXT("荣誉称号"), // CtrlID 1012
    BS_AUTO3STATE | BS_NOTIFY | WS_GROUP | WS_TABSTOP,      TEXT("团队核心"),
    BS_AUTO3STATE | BS_NOTIFY,                              TEXT("技术能手"),
    BS_AUTO3STATE | BS_NOTIFY,                              TEXT("先进个人"),
    BS_DEFPUSHBUTTON | BS_NOTIFY | WS_TABSTOP,              TEXT("默认按钮"), // CtrlID 1016
};
#define NUM (sizeof(Buttons) / sizeof(Buttons[0]))
LRESULT CALLBACK WindowProc(HWND hwnd, UINT uMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) {
    static HWND hwndButton[NUM];                // 子窗口控件句柄数组
    INT arrPos[NUM] = { 10, 40, 70, 100,130, 150, 180, 210, 250, 270, 300, 330, 370, 390, 420, 450, 490 }; // 每个子窗口控件的起始Y坐标
    LPDRAWITEMSTRUCT lpDIS;
    switch (uMsg) {
        case WM_CREATE: {
            // 创建17个子窗口控件
            for (SIZE_T i = 0; i < NUM; i++)
                hwndButton[i] = CreateWindowEx(0, TEXT("Button"), Buttons[i].m_pText, WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | Buttons[i].m_nStyle, 20, arrPos[i], 150, 25, hwnd, (HMENU)(1000 + i), ((LPCREATESTRUCT)lParam)->hInstance, NULL);
            // 移动3个分组框的位置
            MoveWindow(hwndButton[4], 10, arrPos[4], 170, 115, TRUE);
            MoveWindow(hwndButton[8], 10, arrPos[8], 170, 115, TRUE);
            MoveWindow(hwndButton[12], 10, arrPos[12], 170, 115, TRUE);
            // 为图标按钮、位图按钮设置图标、位图
            SendDlgItemMessage(hwnd, IDC_ICONBUTTON, BM_SETIMAGE, IMAGE_ICON, (LPARAM)LoadImage(((LPCREATESTRUCT)lParam)->hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDI_SMILE), IMAGE_ICON, 20, 20, LR_DEFAULTCOLOR));
            SendDlgItemMessage(hwnd, IDC_BITMAPBUTTON, BM_SETIMAGE, IMAGE_BITMAP, (LPARAM)LoadBitmap(((LPCREATESTRUCT)lParam)->hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDB_KONGLONG)));
            // 设置默认按钮的文本
            SetDlgItemText(hwnd, IDC_DEFPUSHBUTTON, TEXT("获取单选复选状态"));
            // 单选按钮组、复选按钮组、三态复选按钮组，默认情况下分别选中一项
            CheckRadioButton(hwnd, IDC_AUTORADIOBUTTON1, IDC_AUTORADIOBUTTON3, IDC_AUTORADIOBUTTON2);
            CheckDlgButton(hwnd, IDC_AUTOCHECKBOX3, BST_CHECKED);
            CheckDlgButton(hwnd, IDC_AUTO3STATE2, BST_INDETERMINATE);
            return 0;
        };
        case WM_COMMAND: {
            if (HIWORD(wParam) == BN_CLICKED)   // 可以省略该判断
                switch (LOWORD(wParam)) {
                    // 子窗口控件ID常量定义请参见resource.h，可以根据需要在此处理每个控件的点击事件
                    case IDC_PUSHBUTTON:      break;
                    case IDC_ICONBUTTON:      break;
                    case IDC_BITMAPBUTTON:    break;
                    case IDC_OWNERDRAWBUTTON: break;
                    case IDC_AUTORADIOBUTTON1:break;
                    case IDC_AUTORADIOBUTTON2:break;
                    case IDC_AUTORADIOBUTTON3:break;
                    case IDC_AUTOCHECKBOX1:   break;
                    case IDC_AUTOCHECKBOX2:   break;
                    case IDC_AUTOCHECKBOX3:   break;
                    case IDC_AUTO3STATE1:     break;
                    case IDC_AUTO3STATE2:     break;
                    case IDC_AUTO3STATE3:     break;
                    case IDC_DEFPUSHBUTTON:   OnDefPushButton(hwnd); break;
                };
            return 0;
        };
        case WM_DRAWITEM: {
            lpDIS = (LPDRAWITEMSTRUCT)lParam;
            // 先把按钮矩形填充为和窗口背景一致的白色，然后画一个黑色圆角矩形
            SelectObject(lpDIS->hDC, GetStockObject(NULL_PEN));
            SelectObject(lpDIS->hDC, GetStockObject(WHITE_BRUSH));
            Rectangle(lpDIS->hDC, 0, 0, lpDIS->rcItem.right + 1, lpDIS->rcItem.bottom + 1);
            SelectObject(lpDIS->hDC, GetStockObject(BLACK_BRUSH));
            RoundRect(lpDIS->hDC, 0, 0, lpDIS->rcItem.right + 1, lpDIS->rcItem.bottom + 1, 20, 20);
            // 当用户点击按钮的时候，绘制COLOR_HIGHLIGHT颜色的圆角矩形
            if (lpDIS->itemState & ODS_SELECTED) {
                SelectObject(lpDIS->hDC, GetSysColorBrush(COLOR_HIGHLIGHT));
                RoundRect(lpDIS->hDC, 0, 0, lpDIS->rcItem.right + 1, lpDIS->rcItem.bottom + 1, 20, 20);
            };
            // 当按钮获得焦点的时候，可以绘制一个焦点矩形
            if (lpDIS->itemState & ODS_FOCUS) {
                InflateRect(&lpDIS->rcItem, -2, -2);
                DrawFocusRect(lpDIS->hDC, &lpDIS->rcItem);
            };
            // 自绘按钮的文本，透明背景的白色文字
            SetBkMode(lpDIS->hDC, TRANSPARENT);
            SetTextColor(lpDIS->hDC, RGB(255, 255, 255));
            DrawText(lpDIS->hDC, TEXT("自绘按钮"), _tcslen(TEXT("自绘按钮")), &lpDIS->rcItem, DT_CENTER | DT_VCENTER | DT_SINGLELINE);
            // 恢复设备环境
            SelectObject(lpDIS->hDC, GetStockObject(BLACK_PEN));
            SelectObject(lpDIS->hDC, GetStockObject(WHITE_BRUSH));
            return TRUE;
        };
        case WM_DESTROY:
        PostQuitMessage(0);
        return 0;
    };
    return DefWindowProc(hwnd, uMsg, wParam, lParam);
};
VOID OnDefPushButton(HWND hwnd) {
    TCHAR szBuf[128] = { 0 };
    if (IsDlgButtonChecked(hwnd, IDC_AUTORADIOBUTTON1) & BST_CHECKED)
        StringCchCopy(szBuf, _countof(szBuf), TEXT("政治面貌：中共党员\n"));
    if (IsDlgButtonChecked(hwnd, IDC_AUTORADIOBUTTON2) & BST_CHECKED)
        StringCchCopy(szBuf, _countof(szBuf), TEXT("政治面貌：共青团员\n"));
    if (IsDlgButtonChecked(hwnd, IDC_AUTORADIOBUTTON3) & BST_CHECKED)
        StringCchCopy(szBuf, _countof(szBuf), TEXT("政治面貌：无党派人士\n"));
    StringCchCat(szBuf, _countof(szBuf), TEXT("个人爱好："));
    if (IsDlgButtonChecked(hwnd, IDC_AUTOCHECKBOX1) & BST_CHECKED)
        StringCchCat(szBuf, _countof(szBuf), TEXT("看书 "));
    if (IsDlgButtonChecked(hwnd, IDC_AUTOCHECKBOX2) & BST_CHECKED)
        StringCchCat(szBuf, _countof(szBuf), TEXT("唱歌 "));
    if (IsDlgButtonChecked(hwnd, IDC_AUTOCHECKBOX3) & BST_CHECKED)
        StringCchCat(szBuf, _countof(szBuf), TEXT("听音乐"));
    StringCchCat(szBuf, _countof(szBuf), TEXT("\n"));
    StringCchCat(szBuf, _countof(szBuf), TEXT("荣誉称号："));
    if (IsDlgButtonChecked(hwnd, IDC_AUTO3STATE1) & BST_CHECKED)
        StringCchCat(szBuf, _countof(szBuf), TEXT("团队核心 "));
    if (IsDlgButtonChecked(hwnd, IDC_AUTO3STATE2) & BST_CHECKED)
        StringCchCat(szBuf, _countof(szBuf), TEXT("技术能手 "));
    if (IsDlgButtonChecked(hwnd, IDC_AUTO3STATE3) & BST_CHECKED)
        StringCchCat(szBuf, _countof(szBuf), TEXT("先进个人"));
    StringCchCat(szBuf, _countof(szBuf), TEXT("\n"));
    MessageBox(hwnd, szBuf, TEXT("个人简介汇总"), MB_OK);
    return;
};

编辑/文本类

关于界面太难看的问题，可以这样解决，启动控件版本6：

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#include <Commctrl.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "Comctl32.lib")
#pragma comment(linker, "\"/manifestdependency:type='win32' name='Microsoft.Windows.Common-Controls' version='6.0.0.0' processorArchitecture='*' publicKeyToken='6595b64144ccf1df' language='*'\"")

编辑控件的一些常用属性：

枚举值 含义
ES_AUTOHSCROLL 对于单行编辑器自动水平滚动
ES_PASSWORD 输入的字符显示为星号
ES_NUMBER 只输入数字

界面绘制：

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hInstance = ((LPCREATESTRUCT)lParam)->hInstance;
hwndStatic[0] = CreateWindowEx(0, TEXT("Static"), TEXT("会员注册"), WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | SS_CENTER, 130, 20, 80, 20, hwnd, (HMENU)(-1), hInstance, NULL);
// 用户名
hwndStatic[1] = CreateWindowEx(0, TEXT("Static"), TEXT("用户名："), WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE, 20, 50, 60, 20, hwnd, (HMENU)(-1), hInstance, NULL);
hwndUserName = CreateWindowEx(0, TEXT("Edit"), NULL, WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | WS_BORDER | ES_AUTOHSCROLL, 80, 50, 220, 20, hwnd, (HMENU)(1000), hInstance, NULL);
// 密码
hwndStatic[2] = CreateWindowEx(0, TEXT("Static"), TEXT("密  码："), WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE, 20, 75, 60, 20, hwnd, (HMENU)(-1), hInstance, NULL);
hwndPassword = CreateWindowEx(0, TEXT("Edit"), NULL, WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | WS_BORDER | ES_AUTOHSCROLL | ES_PASSWORD, 80, 75, 180, 20, hwnd, (HMENU)(1001), hInstance, NULL);
// 年龄
hwndStatic[3] = CreateWindowEx(0, TEXT("Static"), TEXT("年  龄："), WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE, 20, 100, 60, 20, hwnd, (HMENU)(-1), hInstance, NULL);
hwndAge = CreateWindowEx(0, TEXT("Edit"), NULL, WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | WS_BORDER | ES_AUTOHSCROLL | ES_NUMBER, 80, 100, 180, 20, hwnd, (HMENU)(1002), hInstance, NULL);
// 注册按钮
hwndRegister = CreateWindowEx(0, TEXT("Button"), TEXT("注册"), WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | BS_PUSHBUTTON | BS_NOTIFY | WS_TABSTOP, 85, 130, 150, 25, hwnd, (HMENU)(1003), hInstance, NULL);

改字体：

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hFont = CreateFont(12, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, GB2312_CHARSET, 0, 0, 0, 0, TEXT("宋体"));
// 设置所有控件字体
SendMessage(hwndUserName, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, FALSE);
SendMessage(hwndPassword, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, FALSE);
SendMessage(hwndAge, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, FALSE);
SendMessage(hwndRegister, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, FALSE);
for (SIZE_T i = 0; i < _countof(hwndStatic); i++)
    SendMessage(hwndStatic[i], WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, FALSE);

编辑框常用消息：

枚举值 含义
EM_SETLIMITTEXT 限制字符数
EM_LINELENGTH 获取指定行的字符数 不含终止空字符
EM_GETLINE 复制指定行文本并返回复制的字符数

限制输入框长度：

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// 用户名、密码、年龄分别限制输入20、12、3个字符
SendMessage(hwndUserName, EM_SETLIMITTEXT, 20, 0);
SendMessage(hwndPassword, EM_SETLIMITTEXT, 12, 0);
SendMessage(hwndAge, EM_SETLIMITTEXT, 3, 0);

窗口坐标大小设定：

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// 设置程序窗口大小，客户区所需最小大小为320 * 175
SetRect(&rect, 0, 0, 320, 175);
AdjustWindowRectEx(&rect, GetWindowLongPtr(hwnd, GWL_STYLE), GetMenu(hwnd) != NULL, GetWindowLongPtr(hwnd, GWL_EXSTYLE));
SetWindowPos(hwnd, NULL, 0, 0, rect.right - rect.left, rect.bottom - rect.top, SWP_NOZORDER | SWP_NOMOVE);

窗口变动时重新调整：

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case WM_SIZE: {
    if (LOWORD(lParam) > 320 && HIWORD(lParam) > 175) {
        cx = (LOWORD(lParam) - 320) / 2;
        cy = (HIWORD(lParam) - 175) / 2;
        SetWindowPos(hwndStatic[0], NULL, 130 + cx, 20 + cy, 0, 0, SWP_NOZORDER | SWP_NOSIZE);
        SetWindowPos(hwndStatic[1], NULL, 20 + cx, 50 + cy, 0, 0, SWP_NOZORDER | SWP_NOSIZE);
        SetWindowPos(hwndStatic[2], NULL, 20 + cx, 75 + cy, 0, 0, SWP_NOZORDER | SWP_NOSIZE);
        SetWindowPos(hwndStatic[3], NULL, 20 + cx, 100 + cy, 0, 0, SWP_NOZORDER | SWP_NOSIZE);
        SetWindowPos(hwndUserName, NULL, 80 + cx, 50 + cy, 0, 0, SWP_NOZORDER | SWP_NOSIZE);
        SetWindowPos(hwndPassword, NULL, 80 + cx, 75 + cy, 0, 0, SWP_NOZORDER | SWP_NOSIZE);
        SetWindowPos(hwndAge, NULL, 80 + cx, 100 + cy, 0, 0, SWP_NOZORDER | SWP_NOSIZE);
        SetWindowPos(hwndRegister, NULL, 85 + cx, 130 + cy, 0, 0, SWP_NOZORDER | SWP_NOSIZE);
    };
    return 0;
};

对于EM_GETLINE消息来说，接收缓冲区的第一个字符必须为缓冲区长度。单行编辑控件不用wParam参数，多行编辑控件在wParam指定具体获取哪一行的，例如：

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TCHAR szbuf[128] = { 0 };
szBuf[0] = 128;
nCount = SendMessage(hwndEdit, EM_GETLINE, 0, (LPARAM)szBuf); //单行
nCount = SendMessage(hwndEdit, EM_GETLINE, 2, (LPARAM)szBuf); //多行 要第3行的

编辑框的消息一般用于多行编辑控件，单行编辑控件还有更简单的方法，例如获取编辑框中字符串并转换为数值型返回：

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UINT WINAPI GetDlgItemInt(
	_In_ HWND hDlg, //父窗口句柄
	_In_ INT nIDDlgItem, //编辑控件ID
	_Out_opt_ PBOOL lpTranslated, //执行成功与否 成功TRUE 失败FALSE
	_In_ BOOL bSigned //是否检查编辑控件中字符串开头有没有减号
)

单击按钮后：

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case WM_COMMAND: {
    if (HIWORD(wParam) == BN_CLICKED) {
        if (LOWORD(wParam) == 1003) {
            INT nLen;
            LPTSTR lpUserName, lpPassword;
            TCHAR szBuf[64] = { 0 };
            nLen = SendMessage(hwndUserName, EM_LINELENGTH, 0, 0);
            if (nLen < 3) {
                MessageBox(hwnd, TEXT("用户名至少需要3个字符"), TEXT("错误提示"), MB_OK);
                return 0;
            };
            lpUserName = new TCHAR[nLen + 1];
            ZeroMemory(lpUserName, (nLen + 1) * sizeof(TCHAR));
            lpUserName[0] = nLen + 1;
            SendMessage(hwndUserName, EM_GETLINE, 0, (LPARAM)lpUserName);
            nLen = SendMessage(hwndPassword, EM_LINELENGTH, 0, 0);
            if (nLen < 3) {
                MessageBox(hwnd, TEXT("密码至少需要3个字符"), TEXT("错误提示"), MB_OK);
                return 0;
            };
            lpPassword = new TCHAR[nLen + 1];
            ZeroMemory(lpPassword, (nLen + 1) * sizeof(TCHAR));
            lpPassword[0] = nLen + 1;
            SendMessage(hwndPassword, EM_GETLINE, 0, (LPARAM)lpPassword);
            wsprintf(szBuf, TEXT("用户名：%s\n密  码：%s\n年  龄：%d"), lpUserName, lpPassword, GetDlgItemInt(hwnd, 1002, NULL, FALSE));
            MessageBox(hwnd, szBuf, TEXT("注册信息"), MB_OK);
            delete[] lpUserName;
            delete[] lpPassword;
        };
    };
    return 0;
};

对于WM_CTLCOLORSTATIC消息来说，针对静态控件、只读或禁用的编辑控件，这里只是用GetSysColorBrush返回一个白色画刷的画刷句柄：

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case WM_CTLCOLORSTATIC: {
    return (LRESULT)GetSysColorBrush(COLOR_WINDOW);
};

完整代码：

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#include <Windows.h>
#include <Commctrl.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "Comctl32.lib")
#pragma comment(linker, "\"/manifestdependency:type='win32' name='Microsoft.Windows.Common-Controls' version='6.0.0.0' processorArchitecture='*' publicKeyToken='6595b64144ccf1df' language='*'\"")
// 函数声明
LRESULT CALLBACK WindowProc(HWND hwnd, UINT uMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam);
INT WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR lpCmdLine, INT nCmdShow) {
    WNDCLASSEX wndclass;
    TCHAR szAppName[] = TEXT("EditDemo");
    HWND hwnd;
    MSG msg;
    wndclass.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);
    wndclass.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
    wndclass.lpfnWndProc = WindowProc;
    wndclass.cbClsExtra = 0;
    wndclass.cbWndExtra = 0;
    wndclass.hInstance = hInstance;
    wndclass.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);
    wndclass.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);
    wndclass.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(WHITE_BRUSH);
    wndclass.lpszMenuName = NULL;
    wndclass.lpszClassName = szAppName;
    wndclass.hIconSm = NULL;
    RegisterClassEx(&wndclass);
    hwnd = CreateWindowEx(0, szAppName, szAppName, WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, 400, 300, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);
    ShowWindow(hwnd, nCmdShow);
    UpdateWindow(hwnd);
    while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0) != 0) {
        TranslateMessage(&msg);
        DispatchMessage(&msg);
    };
    return msg.wParam;
};
LRESULT CALLBACK WindowProc(HWND hwnd, UINT uMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) {
    static HINSTANCE hInstance;
    static HWND hwndUserName, hwndPassword, hwndAge, hwndRegister;
    static HWND hwndStatic[4];
    static HFONT hFont;
    int cx, cy;
    RECT rect;
    switch (uMsg) {
        case WM_CREATE: {
            hInstance = ((LPCREATESTRUCT)lParam)->hInstance;
            hFont = CreateFont(12, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, GB2312_CHARSET, 0, 0, 0, 0, TEXT("宋体"));
            hwndStatic[0] = CreateWindowEx(0, TEXT("Static"), TEXT("会员注册"), WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | SS_CENTER, 130, 20, 80, 20, hwnd, (HMENU)(-1), hInstance, NULL);
            // 用户名
            hwndStatic[1] = CreateWindowEx(0, TEXT("Static"), TEXT("用户名："), WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE, 20, 50, 60, 20, hwnd, (HMENU)(-1), hInstance, NULL);
            hwndUserName = CreateWindowEx(0, TEXT("Edit"), NULL, WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | WS_BORDER | ES_AUTOHSCROLL, 80, 50, 220, 20, hwnd, (HMENU)(1000), hInstance, NULL);
            // 密码
            hwndStatic[2] = CreateWindowEx(0, TEXT("Static"), TEXT("密  码："), WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE, 20, 75, 60, 20, hwnd, (HMENU)(-1), hInstance, NULL);
            hwndPassword = CreateWindowEx(0, TEXT("Edit"), NULL, WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | WS_BORDER | ES_AUTOHSCROLL | ES_PASSWORD, 80, 75, 180, 20, hwnd, (HMENU)(1001), hInstance, NULL);
            // 年龄
            hwndStatic[3] = CreateWindowEx(0, TEXT("Static"), TEXT("年  龄："), WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE, 20, 100, 60, 20, hwnd, (HMENU)(-1), hInstance, NULL);
            hwndAge = CreateWindowEx(0, TEXT("Edit"), NULL, WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | WS_BORDER | ES_AUTOHSCROLL | ES_NUMBER, 80, 100, 180, 20, hwnd, (HMENU)(1002), hInstance, NULL);
            // 注册按钮
            hwndRegister = CreateWindowEx(0, TEXT("Button"), TEXT("注册"), WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | BS_PUSHBUTTON | BS_NOTIFY | WS_TABSTOP, 85, 130, 150, 25, hwnd, (HMENU)(1003), hInstance, NULL);
            // 设置所有控件字体
            SendMessage(hwndUserName, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, FALSE);
            SendMessage(hwndPassword, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, FALSE);
            SendMessage(hwndAge, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, FALSE);
            SendMessage(hwndRegister, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, FALSE);
            for (SIZE_T i = 0; i < _countof(hwndStatic); i++)
                SendMessage(hwndStatic[i], WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, FALSE);
            // 用户名、密码、年龄分别限制输入20、12、3个字符
            SendMessage(hwndUserName, EM_SETLIMITTEXT, 20, 0);
            SendMessage(hwndPassword, EM_SETLIMITTEXT, 12, 0);
            SendMessage(hwndAge, EM_SETLIMITTEXT, 3, 0);
            // 设置程序窗口大小，客户区所需最小大小为320 * 175
            SetRect(&rect, 0, 0, 320, 175);
            AdjustWindowRectEx(&rect, GetWindowLongPtr(hwnd, GWL_STYLE), GetMenu(hwnd) != NULL, GetWindowLongPtr(hwnd, GWL_EXSTYLE));
            SetWindowPos(hwnd, NULL, 0, 0, rect.right - rect.left, rect.bottom - rect.top, SWP_NOZORDER | SWP_NOMOVE);
            return 0;
        };
        case WM_SIZE: {
            if (LOWORD(lParam) > 320 && HIWORD(lParam) > 175) {
                cx = (LOWORD(lParam) - 320) / 2;
                cy = (HIWORD(lParam) - 175) / 2;
                SetWindowPos(hwndStatic[0], NULL, 130 + cx, 20 + cy, 0, 0, SWP_NOZORDER | SWP_NOSIZE);
                SetWindowPos(hwndStatic[1], NULL, 20 + cx, 50 + cy, 0, 0, SWP_NOZORDER | SWP_NOSIZE);
                SetWindowPos(hwndStatic[2], NULL, 20 + cx, 75 + cy, 0, 0, SWP_NOZORDER | SWP_NOSIZE);
                SetWindowPos(hwndStatic[3], NULL, 20 + cx, 100 + cy, 0, 0, SWP_NOZORDER | SWP_NOSIZE);
                SetWindowPos(hwndUserName, NULL, 80 + cx, 50 + cy, 0, 0, SWP_NOZORDER | SWP_NOSIZE);
                SetWindowPos(hwndPassword, NULL, 80 + cx, 75 + cy, 0, 0, SWP_NOZORDER | SWP_NOSIZE);
                SetWindowPos(hwndAge, NULL, 80 + cx, 100 + cy, 0, 0, SWP_NOZORDER | SWP_NOSIZE);
                SetWindowPos(hwndRegister, NULL, 85 + cx, 130 + cy, 0, 0, SWP_NOZORDER | SWP_NOSIZE);
            };
            return 0;
        };
        case WM_COMMAND: {
            if (HIWORD(wParam) == BN_CLICKED) {
                if (LOWORD(wParam) == 1003) {
                    INT nLen;
                    LPTSTR lpUserName, lpPassword;
                    TCHAR szBuf[64] = { 0 };
                    nLen = SendMessage(hwndUserName, EM_LINELENGTH, 0, 0);
                    if (nLen < 3) {
                        MessageBox(hwnd, TEXT("用户名至少需要3个字符"), TEXT("错误提示"), MB_OK);
                        return 0;
                    };
                    lpUserName = new TCHAR[nLen + 1];
                    ZeroMemory(lpUserName, (nLen + 1) * sizeof(TCHAR));
                    lpUserName[0] = nLen + 1;
                    SendMessage(hwndUserName, EM_GETLINE, 0, (LPARAM)lpUserName);
                    nLen = SendMessage(hwndPassword, EM_LINELENGTH, 0, 0);
                    if (nLen < 3) {
                        MessageBox(hwnd, TEXT("密码至少需要3个字符"), TEXT("错误提示"), MB_OK);
                        return 0;
                    };
                    lpPassword = new TCHAR[nLen + 1];
                    ZeroMemory(lpPassword, (nLen + 1) * sizeof(TCHAR));
                    lpPassword[0] = nLen + 1;
                    SendMessage(hwndPassword, EM_GETLINE, 0, (LPARAM)lpPassword);
                    wsprintf(szBuf, TEXT("用户名：%s\n密  码：%s\n年  龄：%d"), lpUserName, lpPassword, GetDlgItemInt(hwnd, 1002, NULL, FALSE));
                    MessageBox(hwnd, szBuf, TEXT("注册信息"), MB_OK);
                    delete[] lpUserName;
                    delete[] lpPassword;
                };
            };
            return 0;
        };
        case WM_CTLCOLORSTATIC: {
            return (LRESULT)GetSysColorBrush(COLOR_WINDOW);
        };
        case WM_DESTROY: {
            DeleteObject(hFont);
            PostQuitMessage(0);
            return 0;
        };
    };
    return DefWindowProc(hwnd, uMsg, wParam, lParam);
};

列表框

列表框的常用样式就一个LBS_NOTIFY，当用户单击、双击或取消选中列表框时，向父窗口分别发送包含LBN_SELCHANGE、LBN_DBLCLK、LBN_SELCANCEL通知码的WM_COMMAND消息。

界面布局如下：

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hInstance = ((LPCREATESTRUCT)lParam)->hInstance;
// 列表框控件
hwndListBox = CreateWindowEx(0, TEXT("ListBox"), NULL,WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | WS_BORDER | WS_VSCROLL | LBS_NOTIFY,20, 20, 200, 116, hwnd, (HMENU)IDC_LISTBOX, hInstance, NULL);
// 静态控件和编辑框控件，文本：文本编辑框，项目数据：项目数据编辑框
hwndStaticText = CreateWindowEx(0, TEXT("Static"), TEXT("文本："),WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE, 20, 144, 60, 20, hwnd, (HMENU)(-1), hInstance, NULL);
hwndEditText = CreateWindowEx(0, TEXT("Edit"), NULL,WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | WS_BORDER | ES_AUTOHSCROLL,80, 140, 140, 22, hwnd, (HMENU)IDC_EDITTEXT, hInstance, NULL);
hwndStaticData = CreateWindowEx(0, TEXT("Static"), TEXT("项目数据："), WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE, 20, 169, 60, 20, hwnd, (HMENU)(-1), hInstance, NULL);
hwndEditData = CreateWindowEx(0, TEXT("Edit"), NULL,WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | WS_BORDER | ES_AUTOHSCROLL | ES_NUMBER,80, 165, 140, 22, hwnd, (HMENU)IDC_EDITDATA, hInstance, NULL);
// 三个按钮，添加、修改、删除
hwndAdd = CreateWindowEx(0, TEXT("Button"), TEXT("添加"),WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | BS_PUSHBUTTON | BS_NOTIFY,20, 200, 60, 25, hwnd, (HMENU)IDC_BTNADD, hInstance, NULL);
hwndModify = CreateWindowEx(0, TEXT("Button"), TEXT("修改"),WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | BS_PUSHBUTTON | BS_NOTIFY,90, 200, 60, 25, hwnd, (HMENU)IDC_BTNMODIFY, hInstance, NULL);
hwndDelete = CreateWindowEx(0, TEXT("Button"), TEXT("删除"),WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | BS_PUSHBUTTON | BS_NOTIFY,160, 200, 60, 25, hwnd, (HMENU)IDC_BTNDELETE, hInstance, NULL);

普通列表框可以变成拖动列表框，列表项可以被鼠标拖拽并改变位置：

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// 更改为拖动列表框 并注册WM_DRAGLIST消息
static UINT WM_DRAGLIST;
MakeDragList(hwndListBox);
WM_DRAGLIST = RegisterWindowMessage(DRAGLISTMSGSTRING);

列表框常用消息：

枚举值 含义
LB_ADDSTRING 添加一个字符串类型列表项
LB_SETITEMDATA 为一个列表项设置项目数据
LB_GETITEMDATA 获取与一个列表项关联的项目数据
LB_SETCURSEL 选中一个列表项
LB_GETCURSEL 获取当前选中项的索引
LB_DELETESTRING 删除一个列表项
LB_INSERTSTRING 插入指定位置
LB_GETCOUNT 获取列表框列表项总数
LB_GETTEXT 获取指定列表项字符串文本

对于LB_ADDSTRING消息，添加到列表末尾，wParam参数缺省，lParam为字符串指针，返回新添加列表项索引。发生错误返回LB_ERR，内存空间不够返回LB_ERRSPACE，例如：

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nIndex = SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_ADDSTRING, 0, (LPARAM)TEXT("汇编语言"));

在这里添加一堆表项：

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// 添加一些列表项
SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_ADDSTRING, 0, (LPARAM)TEXT("汇编语言"));
SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_ADDSTRING, 0, (LPARAM)TEXT("C语言面向过程"));
SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_ADDSTRING, 0, (LPARAM)TEXT("C++面向对象"));
SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_ADDSTRING, 0, (LPARAM)TEXT("Windows程序设计"));
SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_ADDSTRING, 0, (LPARAM)TEXT("Ollydbg调试工具"));
SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_ADDSTRING, 0, (LPARAM)TEXT("X64Dbg调试工具"));
SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_ADDSTRING, 0, (LPARAM)TEXT("IDA静态调试"));
SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_ADDSTRING, 0, (LPARAM)TEXT("PE Explorer"));

对于LB_SETITEMDATA消息，wParam指定列表项索引，lParam缺省，发生错误返回LB_ERR。

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nResult = SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_SETITEMDATA, 2, (LPARAM)lpData);

例如：

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// 设置项目数据，具体编程中可以根据需要添加所需的项目数据，例如某些自定义数据的指针
for (SIZE_T i = 0; i < 8; i++)
    SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_SETITEMDATA, i, 10000 + i);

对于LB_SETCURSEL消息，wParam指定列表项索引，lParam缺省，发生错误返回LB_ERR：

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nCount = SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_GETTEXTLEN, 2, 0);

对于LB_GETCURSEL消息，wParam和lParam都缺省，没有选中项返回LB_ERR。

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nIndex = SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_GETCURSEL, 0, 0);

对于LB_DELETESTRING消息，wParam为列表项索引，lParam缺省，返回剩余列表项个数，发生错误返回LB_ERR。

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nCount = SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_DELETESTRING, 2, 0);

对于LB_INSERTSTRING消息，wParam指定插入位置索引，-1表示列表末尾，返回新添加列表项索引。发生错误返回LB_ERR，内存不够返回LB_ERRSPACE。

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nIndex = SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_INSERTSTRING, 1, (LPARAM)TEXT("汇编语言"));

对于LB_GETCOUNT消息，wParam和lParam都缺省，错误返回LB_ERR。

例如增改查操作：

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case BN_CLICKED: {
    // 添加
    if (LOWORD(wParam) == IDC_BTNADD) {
        nCount = GetDlgItemText(hwnd, IDC_EDITTEXT, szBuf, _countof(szBuf));
        if (nCount > 0) {
            nIndex = SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_ADDSTRING, 0, (LPARAM)szBuf);
            if (nIndex >= 0) {
                dwData = GetDlgItemInt(hwnd, IDC_EDITDATA, NULL, TRUE);
                SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_SETITEMDATA, nIndex, dwData);
                SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_SETCURSEL, nIndex, 0);
                EnableWindow(hwndModify, TRUE);
                EnableWindow(hwndDelete, TRUE);
            };
        };
    }
    // 修改
    else if (LOWORD(wParam) == IDC_BTNMODIFY) {
        nIndex = SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_GETCURSEL, 0, 0);
        nCount = GetDlgItemText(hwnd, IDC_EDITTEXT, szBuf, _countof(szBuf));
        if (nIndex >= 0 && nCount > 0) {
            SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_DELETESTRING, nIndex, 0);
            SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_INSERTSTRING, nIndex, (LPARAM)szBuf);
            dwData = GetDlgItemInt(hwnd, IDC_EDITDATA, NULL, TRUE);
            SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_SETITEMDATA, nIndex, dwData);
            SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_SETCURSEL, nIndex, 0);
        };
    }
    // 删除
    else if (LOWORD(wParam) == IDC_BTNDELETE) {
        nIndex = SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_GETCURSEL, 0, 0);
        if (nIndex >= 0) {
            SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_DELETESTRING, nIndex, 0);
            nCount = SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_GETCOUNT, 0, 0);
            if (nCount > 0) {
                if (nIndex < nCount)
                    SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_SETCURSEL, nIndex, 0);
                else
                    SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_SETCURSEL, nIndex - 1, 0);
            }
            else {
                EnableWindow(hwndModify, FALSE);
                EnableWindow(hwndDelete, FALSE);
            };
        };
    };
    break;
};

对于LB_GETTEXT消息，wParam指定列表项索引，lParam为字符串缓冲区，返回字符个数，不含终止空字符。错误返回LB_ERR：

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nCount = SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_GETTEXT, 2, (LPARAM)szBuf);

对于LB_GETITEMDATA消息，wParam指定列表项索引，lParam缺省，返回指定列表项关联的项目数据。错误返回LB_ERR：

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lpData = (LPVOID)SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_GETITEMDATA, 2, 0);

更改所选中的列表项时：

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// 列表框中的选择已更改
case LBN_SELCHANGE: {
    if (LOWORD(wParam) == IDC_LISTBOX) {
        // 获取列表项文本和项目数据，显示到编辑框中
        nIndex = SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_GETCURSEL, 0, 0);
        SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_GETTEXT, nIndex, (LPARAM)szBuf);
        SetDlgItemText(hwnd, IDC_EDITTEXT, szBuf);
        dwData = SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_GETITEMDATA, nIndex, 0);
        SetDlgItemInt(hwnd, IDC_EDITDATA, dwData, TRUE);
        // 启用修改、删除按钮
        EnableWindow(hwndModify, TRUE);
        EnableWindow(hwndDelete, TRUE);
    };
    break;
};

编辑矿建内容变化：

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// 编辑控件的内容已变化
case EN_UPDATE: {
    // 项目数据编辑框不需要检查有无内容，如果没有内容就是0
    if (LOWORD(wParam) == IDC_EDITTEXT) {
        nCount = GetDlgItemText(hwnd, IDC_EDITTEXT, szBuf, _countof(szBuf));
        if (nCount > 0) {
            // 添加按钮
            EnableWindow(hwndAdd, TRUE);
            // 修改按钮
            nIndex = SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_GETCURSEL, 0, 0);
            if (nIndex >= 0)
                EnableWindow(hwndModify, TRUE);
        }
        else {
            // 添加按钮
            EnableWindow(hwndAdd, FALSE);
            // 修改按钮
            EnableWindow(hwndModify, FALSE);
        };
    };
    break;
};

至于拖动部分的处理不讲。

源代码：

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#include <Windows.h>
#include <CommCtrl.h>
#include "resource.h"
#pragma comment(lib, "Comctl32.lib")
#pragma comment(linker,"\"/manifestdependency:type='win32' name='Microsoft.Windows.Common-Controls' version='6.0.0.0' processorArchitecture='*' publicKeyToken='6595b64144ccf1df' language='*'\"")
// 函数声明
LRESULT CALLBACK WindowProc(HWND hwnd, UINT uMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam);
INT WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR lpCmdLine, INT nCmdShow) {
    WNDCLASSEX wndclass;
    TCHAR szAppName[] = TEXT("ListBoxDemo");
    HWND hwnd;
    MSG msg;
    wndclass.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);
    wndclass.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
    wndclass.lpfnWndProc = WindowProc;
    wndclass.cbClsExtra = 0;
    wndclass.cbWndExtra = 0;
    wndclass.hInstance = hInstance;
    wndclass.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);
    wndclass.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);
    wndclass.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(WHITE_BRUSH);
    wndclass.lpszMenuName = NULL;
    wndclass.lpszClassName = szAppName;
    wndclass.hIconSm = NULL;
    RegisterClassEx(&wndclass);
    hwnd = CreateWindowEx(0, szAppName, szAppName, WS_OVERLAPPED | WS_CAPTION | WS_SYSMENU | WS_MINIMIZEBOX, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, 256, 280, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);
    ShowWindow(hwnd, nCmdShow);
    UpdateWindow(hwnd);
    while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0) != 0) {
        TranslateMessage(&msg);
        DispatchMessage(&msg);
    };
    return msg.wParam;
};
LRESULT CALLBACK WindowProc(HWND hwnd, UINT uMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam){
    HINSTANCE hInstance;
    static HWND hwndListBox, hwndEditText, hwndEditData, hwndAdd, hwndModify, hwndDelete;
    HWND hwndStaticText, hwndStaticData;
    static HFONT hFont;
    static UINT WM_DRAGLIST;
    TCHAR szBuf[64] = { 0 };
    INT nIndex, nCount;
    DWORD dwData;
    switch (uMsg){
        case WM_CREATE: {
            hInstance = ((LPCREATESTRUCT)lParam)->hInstance;
            // 列表框控件
            hwndListBox = CreateWindowEx(0, TEXT("ListBox"), NULL,WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | WS_BORDER | WS_VSCROLL | LBS_NOTIFY,20, 20, 200, 116, hwnd, (HMENU)IDC_LISTBOX, hInstance, NULL);
            // 静态控件和编辑框控件，文本：文本编辑框，项目数据：项目数据编辑框
            hwndStaticText = CreateWindowEx(0, TEXT("Static"), TEXT("文本："),WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE, 20, 144, 60, 20, hwnd, (HMENU)(-1), hInstance, NULL);
            hwndEditText = CreateWindowEx(0, TEXT("Edit"), NULL,WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | WS_BORDER | ES_AUTOHSCROLL,80, 140, 140, 22, hwnd, (HMENU)IDC_EDITTEXT, hInstance, NULL);
            hwndStaticData = CreateWindowEx(0, TEXT("Static"), TEXT("项目数据："), WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE, 20, 169, 60, 20, hwnd, (HMENU)(-1), hInstance, NULL);
            hwndEditData = CreateWindowEx(0, TEXT("Edit"), NULL,WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | WS_BORDER | ES_AUTOHSCROLL | ES_NUMBER,80, 165, 140, 22, hwnd, (HMENU)IDC_EDITDATA, hInstance, NULL);
            // 三个按钮，添加、修改、删除
            hwndAdd = CreateWindowEx(0, TEXT("Button"), TEXT("添加"),WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | BS_PUSHBUTTON | BS_NOTIFY,20, 200, 60, 25, hwnd, (HMENU)IDC_BTNADD, hInstance, NULL);
            hwndModify = CreateWindowEx(0, TEXT("Button"), TEXT("修改"),WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | BS_PUSHBUTTON | BS_NOTIFY,90, 200, 60, 25, hwnd, (HMENU)IDC_BTNMODIFY, hInstance, NULL);
            hwndDelete = CreateWindowEx(0, TEXT("Button"), TEXT("删除"),WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | BS_PUSHBUTTON | BS_NOTIFY,160, 200, 60, 25, hwnd, (HMENU)IDC_BTNDELETE, hInstance, NULL);
            // 更改为拖动列表框
            MakeDragList(hwndListBox);
            WM_DRAGLIST = RegisterWindowMessage(DRAGLISTMSGSTRING);
            // 添加一些列表项
            SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_ADDSTRING, 0, (LPARAM)TEXT("汇编语言"));
            SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_ADDSTRING, 0, (LPARAM)TEXT("C语言面向过程"));
            SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_ADDSTRING, 0, (LPARAM)TEXT("C++面向对象"));
            SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_ADDSTRING, 0, (LPARAM)TEXT("Windows程序设计"));
            SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_ADDSTRING, 0, (LPARAM)TEXT("Ollydbg调试工具"));
            SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_ADDSTRING, 0, (LPARAM)TEXT("X64Dbg调试工具"));
            SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_ADDSTRING, 0, (LPARAM)TEXT("IDA静态调试"));
            SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_ADDSTRING, 0, (LPARAM)TEXT("PE Explorer"));
            // 设置项目数据，具体编程中可以根据需要添加所需的项目数据，例如某些自定义数据的指针
            for (SIZE_T i = 0; i < 8; i++)
                SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_SETITEMDATA, i, 10000 + i);
            // 限制列表项文本最多可以输入20个字符，项目数据最多可以输入10个数字字符
            SendMessage(hwndEditText, EM_SETLIMITTEXT, 20, 0);
            SendMessage(hwndEditData, EM_SETLIMITTEXT, 10, 0);
            // 设置字体
            hFont = CreateFont(18, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, GB2312_CHARSET, 0, 0, 0, 0, TEXT("微软雅黑"));
            SendMessage(hwndListBox, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, FALSE);
            SendMessage(hwndStaticText, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, FALSE);
            SendMessage(hwndStaticData, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, FALSE);
            SendMessage(hwndEditText, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, FALSE);
            SendMessage(hwndEditData, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, FALSE);
            SendMessage(hwndAdd, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, FALSE);
            SendMessage(hwndModify, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, FALSE);
            SendMessage(hwndDelete, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, FALSE);
            // 禁用添加、修改、删除按钮
            EnableWindow(hwndAdd, FALSE);
            EnableWindow(hwndModify, FALSE);
            EnableWindow(hwndDelete, FALSE);
            return 0;
        };
        case WM_CTLCOLORSTATIC: {
            return (LRESULT)GetSysColorBrush(COLOR_WINDOW);
        };
        case WM_COMMAND: {
            switch (HIWORD(wParam)) {
                case BN_CLICKED: {
                    // 添加
                    if (LOWORD(wParam) == IDC_BTNADD) {
                        nCount = GetDlgItemText(hwnd, IDC_EDITTEXT, szBuf, _countof(szBuf));
                        if (nCount > 0) {
                            nIndex = SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_ADDSTRING, 0, (LPARAM)szBuf);
                            if (nIndex >= 0) {
                                dwData = GetDlgItemInt(hwnd, IDC_EDITDATA, NULL, TRUE);
                                SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_SETITEMDATA, nIndex, dwData);
                                SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_SETCURSEL, nIndex, 0);
                                EnableWindow(hwndModify, TRUE);
                                EnableWindow(hwndDelete, TRUE);
                            };
                        };
                    }
                    // 修改
                    else if (LOWORD(wParam) == IDC_BTNMODIFY) {
                        nIndex = SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_GETCURSEL, 0, 0);
                        nCount = GetDlgItemText(hwnd, IDC_EDITTEXT, szBuf, _countof(szBuf));
                        if (nIndex >= 0 && nCount > 0) {
                            SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_DELETESTRING, nIndex, 0);
                            SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_INSERTSTRING, nIndex, (LPARAM)szBuf);
                            dwData = GetDlgItemInt(hwnd, IDC_EDITDATA, NULL, TRUE);
                            SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_SETITEMDATA, nIndex, dwData);
                            SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_SETCURSEL, nIndex, 0);
                        };
                    }
                    // 删除
                    else if (LOWORD(wParam) == IDC_BTNDELETE) {
                        nIndex = SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_GETCURSEL, 0, 0);
                        if (nIndex >= 0) {
                            SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_DELETESTRING, nIndex, 0);
                            nCount = SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_GETCOUNT, 0, 0);
                            if (nCount > 0) {
                                if (nIndex < nCount)
                                    SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_SETCURSEL, nIndex, 0);
                                else
                                    SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_SETCURSEL, nIndex - 1, 0);
                            }
                            else {
                                EnableWindow(hwndModify, FALSE);
                                EnableWindow(hwndDelete, FALSE);
                            };
                        };
                    };
                    break;
                };
                // 列表框中的选择已更改
                case LBN_SELCHANGE: {
                    if (LOWORD(wParam) == IDC_LISTBOX) {
                        // 获取列表项文本和项目数据，显示到编辑框中
                        nIndex = SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_GETCURSEL, 0, 0);
                        SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_GETTEXT, nIndex, (LPARAM)szBuf);
                        SetDlgItemText(hwnd, IDC_EDITTEXT, szBuf);
                        dwData = SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_GETITEMDATA, nIndex, 0);
                        SetDlgItemInt(hwnd, IDC_EDITDATA, dwData, TRUE);
                        // 启用修改、删除按钮
                        EnableWindow(hwndModify, TRUE);
                        EnableWindow(hwndDelete, TRUE);
                    };
                    break;
                };
                // 编辑控件的内容已变化
                case EN_UPDATE: {
                    // 项目数据编辑框不需要检查有无内容，如果没有内容就是0
                    if (LOWORD(wParam) == IDC_EDITTEXT) {
                        nCount = GetDlgItemText(hwnd, IDC_EDITTEXT, szBuf, _countof(szBuf));
                        if (nCount > 0) {
                            // 添加按钮
                            EnableWindow(hwndAdd, TRUE);
                            // 修改按钮
                            nIndex = SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_GETCURSEL, 0, 0);
                            if (nIndex >= 0)
                                EnableWindow(hwndModify, TRUE);
                        }
                        else {
                            // 添加按钮
                            EnableWindow(hwndAdd, FALSE);
                            // 修改按钮
                            EnableWindow(hwndModify, FALSE);
                        };
                    };
                    break;
                };
            };
            return 0;
        };
        case WM_DESTROY: {
            DeleteObject(hFont);
            PostQuitMessage(0);
            return 0;
        };
    };
    if (uMsg == WM_DRAGLIST) {
        LPDRAGLISTINFO pDragInfo = (LPDRAGLISTINFO)lParam;
        static INT nIndexDrag;
        switch (pDragInfo->uNotification) {
            case DL_BEGINDRAG: {
                nIndexDrag = LBItemFromPt(hwndListBox, pDragInfo->ptCursor, FALSE);
                return TRUE;
            };
            case DL_DRAGGING: {
                nIndex = LBItemFromPt(hwndListBox, pDragInfo->ptCursor, TRUE);
                if (nIndex >= 0)
                    DrawInsert(hwnd, hwndListBox, nIndex);
                return DL_MOVECURSOR;
            };
            case DL_DROPPED: {
                nIndex = LBItemFromPt(hwndListBox, pDragInfo->ptCursor, FALSE);
                if (nIndex >= 0 && nIndex != nIndexDrag) {
                    SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_GETTEXT, nIndexDrag, (LPARAM)szBuf);
                    dwData = SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_GETITEMDATA, nIndexDrag, 0);
                    if (nIndexDrag > nIndex) {
                        // 先删除再插入
                        SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_DELETESTRING, nIndexDrag, 0);
                        SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_INSERTSTRING, nIndex, (LPARAM)szBuf);
                        SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_SETITEMDATA, nIndex, dwData);
                        SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_SETCURSEL, nIndex, 0);
                    }
                    else {
                        // 先插入再删除
                        SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_INSERTSTRING, nIndex, (LPARAM)szBuf);
                        SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_SETITEMDATA, nIndex, dwData);
                        SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_SETCURSEL, nIndex, 0);
                        SendMessage(hwndListBox, LB_DELETESTRING, nIndexDrag, 0);
                    };
                };
                // 隐藏插入图标
                DrawInsert(hwnd, hwndListBox, -1);
                nIndexDrag = -1;
                return 0;
            };
        };
    };
    return DefWindowProc(hwnd, uMsg, wParam, lParam);
};